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24 Jan 12
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30 Dec 11
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It has been estimated that by age 18, the average young person will have viewed 200 000 acts of violence on television alone.7
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he National Television Violence study evaluated almost 10 000 hours of broadcast programming from 1995 through 1997 and found that 61% of the programming portrayed interpersonal violence, much of it in an entertaining or glamorized manner.
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animated feature films produced in the United States between 1937 and 1999, 100% portrayed violence, and the amount of violence with intent to injure has increased through the years.11 More than 80% of the violence portrayed in contemporary music videos is perpetrated by attractive protagonists against a disproportionate number of women and blacks.
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Television, movies, and music videos normalize carrying and using weapons and glamorize them as a source of personal power.
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FTC determined that, despite the fact that their own ratings systems found the material appropriate only for adults, these industries practiced "pervasive and aggressive marketing of violent movies, music, and electronic games to children."2
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and only 10% check the ratings of computer or video games that their adolescents wish to rent or buy.
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Consistent and strong associations between media exposure and increases in aggression have been found in population-based epidemiologic investigations of violence in American society
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Children are influenced by media
they learn by observing, imitating, and making behaviors their own -
Research has shown that the strongest single correlate with violent behavior is previous exposure to violence.42-44 Because children younger than 8 years cannot discriminate between fantasy and reality, they are uniquely vulnerable to learning and adopting as reality the circumstances, attitudes, and behaviors portrayed by entertainment media.4
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In addition to modeling violent behavior, entertainment media inflate the prevalence of violence in the world, cultivating in viewers the "mean world" syndrome, a perception of the world as a dangerous place.5
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Some defend media violence as an outlet for vicariously releasing hostility in the safety of virtual reality. However, research testing this "catharsis hypothesis" found that after experiencing media violence, children displayed increased overt aggression because of lowered inhibitions.59 Numerous studies have shown that the most insidious and potent effect of media violence is to desensitize all of us to real life violence.60-62
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Active participation increases effective learning. Video games are an ideal environment in which to learn violence. They place the player in the role of the aggressor and reward him or her for successful violent behavior.
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05 Dec 11
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The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes exposure to violence in media, including television, movies, music, and video games, as a significant risk to the health of children and adolescents
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08 Nov 11
Sabrina ElzingaViolent media's affect on children: statistics, reasons, pediatrician's perspective
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American children between 2 and 18 years of age spend an average of 6 hours and 32 minutes each day using media
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The National Television Violence study evaluated almost 10 000 hours of broadcast programming from 1995 through 1997 and found that 61% of the programming portrayed interpersonal violence
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Of all animated feature films produced in the United States between 1937 and 1999, 100% portrayed violence, and the amount of violence with intent to injure has increased through the years.
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More than 80% of the violence portrayed in contemporary music videos is perpetrated by attractive protagonists against a disproportionate number of women and blacks.
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Prolonged exposure to such media portrayals results in increased acceptance of violence as an appropriate means of solving problems and achieving one's goals.
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aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence, fear, depression, nightmares, and sleep disturbances. More than 3500 research studies have examined the association between media violence and violent behavior; all but 18 have shown a positive relationship.26 Consistent and strong associations between media exposure and increases in aggression have been found in population-based epidemiologic investigations of violence in American society,27
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cross-cultural studies,
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Children are influenced by mediathey learn by observing, imitating, and making behaviors their own
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Research has shown that the strongest single correlate with violent behavior is previous exposure to violence.
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Because children younger than 8 years cannot discriminate between fantasy and reality, they are uniquely vulnerable to learning and adopting as reality the circumstances, attitudes, and behaviors portrayed by entertainment media.
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It is not violence itself but the context in which it is portrayed that can make the difference between learning about violence and learning to be violent.
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entertainment media inflate the prevalence of violence in the world, cultivating in viewers the "mean world" syndrome, a perception of the world as a dangerous place.
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Fear of being the victim of violence is a strong motivation for some young people to carry a weapon, to be more aggressive, to "get them before they get me.
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Experimental studies have shown that after playing video games, young people exhibit measurable decreases in prosocial and helping behaviors and increases in aggressive thoughts and violent retaliation to provocation.66 Playing violent video games has been found to account for a 13% to 22% increase in adolescents' violent behavior;
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Repeated exposure to violent behavioral scripts can lead to increased feelings of hostility, expectations that others will behave aggressively, desensitization to the pain of others, and increased likelihood of interacting and responding to others with violence.
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Active participation increases effective learning. Video games are an ideal environment in which to learn violence.
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reward
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Interpersonal violence, as victim or as perpetrator, is now a more prevalent health risk than infectious disease, cancer, or congenital disorders for children, adolescents, and young adults.
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Each year, 3500 adolescents are murdered72 and more than 150 000 adolescents are arrested for violent crimes.
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The murder rate of young black males rose 300% during the 3 decades after television's introduction in the United States.
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Although exposure to media violence is not the sole factor contributing to aggression, antisocial attitudes, and violence among children and adolescents, it is an important health risk factor on which we, as pediatricians and as members of a compassionate society, can intervene.
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