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Usually the concrete is stained initially to provide it color, so the routed locations look like grout lines. Efflorescence - A crystalline deposit of salts (normally white in color) that forms on the concrete surface when soluble calcium hydroxides seep from the concrete and combine with carbon dioxide in the environment. (Also see surface retarder.) Plume edge - To efficiently, effortlessly mix the edge of a topping or repair material into the existing concrete. Fibers - Tiny filaments made of polypropylene, polyolefin, nylon, polyethylene, polyester, or acrylic utilized alone or in conjunction with rebar or welded wire mesh to strengthen concrete.

Film-forming sealant - A kind of sealant that blocks the penetration of water and contaminants by forming a barrier on the concrete surface. Might likewise impart a gloss or sheen, which improves colored or exposed aggregate concrete. See also membrane. Flashing (or flash broadcasting) -A method for using accent colors of dry-shake hardenerto concrete surface areas before stamping.

Flexural strength - The ability of hardened concrete or an overlay to resist failure in flexing. Float finish - Surface texture (usually rough) acquired by completing with a bull float or hand float. Floor polisher - A walk-behind maker used in the production of refined concrete. Many machines are equipped with a planetary drive system, a big primary polishing head (from 17 to 36 inches in diameter) fitted with 3 or 4 smaller satellite heads that hold the diamond abrasives.

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( Likewise see diamond grinding, dry polishing, damp polishing). Fly ash - An additional cementitious product (SCM) Fly ash is a by-product resulting from the combustion of ground or powdered coal; in some cases utilized as a cement replacement in concrete. Form liner - Product used to line the interior face of formwork in order to impart a smooth or patterned architectural finish.

Long manages (like those used for bull drifts) either clip on or screw into the blade. NOTE: Fresnos should never be utilized on air-entrained outside concrete as it seals over the top of the piece trapping bleed water listed below the surface. Ending up - The treatment (compacting, leveling, smoothing, etc.) of just recently put or fresh concrete to ensure the planned-for surface area.

Evaluate rake - A tool with an adjustable depth gauge designed for application of high-build coverings or cementitious toppings at a preset, consistent thickness. Gravel Mix - A concrete mix that uses either pea gravel or larger smooth gravel as its coarse aggregate. This mix is typical for exposed aggregate surfaces.

 

 

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Likewise used in classifying structure or building levels, e.g. above grade, on grade, or listed below grade. Granulated blast heating system slag-- A supplemental cementitious material (SCM) formed when molten blast heater slag is quickly chilled. Ground granulated slags are sometimes utilized in concrete mixtures as a cement replacement to help in reducing permeability and enhance sturdiness.

Alleviates the capacity for Alkali-Silica Reaction. Grinding - A mechanical surface area preparation method using turning abrasive stones or discs to get rid of thin finishings and mastics or minor defects and protrusions. Grout - A mix of cementitious products and water, with or without aggregate, proportioned to produce a velvety consistency. Can be bought preblended in a wide range of colors to specify joints and sawcuts in ornamental concrete slabs or walls, specifically those with stone, brick, or tile patterns Groover - A tool with a V-shaped bit used to produce control joints in plastic concrete.

Specifically beneficial for floating along the border of forms or to work in tight spots. Hard-troweled surface - Surface finish gotten by using a trowel with a steel blade for final completing of concrete. Frequently used where a smooth, hard, flat surface area is desired. High-pressure water blasting - A process for cleansing or roughening concrete surface areas utilizing a stream of water provided at high pressure.

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Hopper gun - A gravity-fed system for spray application of finishes or garnishes. The material is positioned in a hopper connected to a spray weapon, which is powered by an air compressor. Typically used to use spray-down systems. Hover Trowel - A trademarked lightweight power trowel developed specifically for accuracy ending up of epoxy, polymer customized, and cementitious overlay systems.

 

 

Important color - A coloring agent premixed into fresh concrete or cementitious toppings prior to positioning. Iron oxide - An inorganic pigment frequently utilized to color ornamental finishings and garnishes. Seclusion Joint - Seclusion (or expansion) joints different or isolate slabs from other parts of the structure such as walls, footings, or columns; and driveways and outdoor patios from sidewalks, garage pieces, stairs, light-poles and other points of restraint.

 

 

Joint (control, expansion, or seclusion) - Formed, sawed, or tooled groove in a concrete piece used to control the area of cracking (control joint) or to allow growth or movement of adjoining structures. In ornamental concrete, joints can also double as marking style components in a pattern. See: filler - A compressible product used to fill a joint to avoid the seepage of particles.

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KCMMB Mix - A concrete mix specification designed by the Kansas City Metro Products Board for longer lasting concrete by creating a mix design requirement of specific materials and acid rock aggregates that can alleviate the effects of salts, deicers, and alkali-silica-reactivity. Kneeboards - Boards used by concrete finishers to kneel on when hand floating or troweling concrete flatwork.

Laitance - A thin layer of fine, loosely bonded particles on the surface area of fresh concrete, brought on by the upward motion of water. Laitance needs to be gotten rid of before application of an ornamental coating or topping. Marbleize - To provide concrete surface areas the look and gloss of marble, through a mix of color layering and ending up strategies.

It has multiple usages, consisting of scraping off concrete from finishing tools and using patching products. Masking - Covering choose areas of a concrete surface with an adhesive stencil, tape, or other medium before applying an ornamental treatment that will affect only the exposed locations. Product security data sheet (MSDS) - Info sheets including pertinent chemical ingredients, item handling and safety guidelines.

 

 

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Generally clear plastic like acrylic, polyurethane or epoxy. Microtopping - An ultra-thin polymer-based ornamental topping, normally less than 1/4-inch overall thickness. Usually applied by trowel or squeegee, and offered a texture or smooth surface. Pigments can be included into the mix or broadcast onto the surface area for a marbleized look.

 

 

Frequently used to represent covering density. Mix style - Specific percentages of active ingredients (cement, aggregates, water, and admixtures) utilized to produce concrete fit for a specific set of task conditions. Mockup - An architectural concrete sample made utilizing the very same materials and methods proposed for a real task. Often needed for quality guarantee on big projects, to guarantee that architectural requirements and industry tolerances are satisfied.