from web site
The Nd: YAG laser is a contact laser. It is used in stomach, gynecological, or urological surgeries carried out through laparoscopes, endoscopes, or hysteroscopes. The Er: YAG laser is utilized for bone cutting, tough tissue drilling in dentistry, and skin resurfacing. The Ho: YAG laser is useful for such orthopedic procedures as joint arthroscopies, in addition to for urologic lithotripsy and ophthalmologic procedures.
Ruby lasers can be utilized to eliminate tattoos. This Article Is More In-Depth and excimer lasers are utilized mainly to reshape the cornea in laser eye surgeries, although heart cosmetic surgeons also use excimer lasers to carry out angioplasties. Copper vapor or dye lasers are utilized to treat port-wine birthmarks. Tunable dye lasers and argon lasers are often used to fix such cosmetic vascular problems as varicose or spider veins.
This strategy has possible applications for treating lots of other kinds of growths. In PDT, a photoreactive drug called dihematoporphyrin is administered systemically. The drug collects in tumor cells at a substantially higher concentration than in typical cells. Laser light from red color lasers is then used to the tumor website.
Operation, When a laser is used in surgical treatment, there are three main control parameterspower in watts (set by the laser nurse); time of direct exposure (based on the speed of motion of the beam or tip); and spot size (an increase or decrease in the location contacted by the laser light, controlled by the cosmetic surgeon in the field).
A change in power level alters the speed of cut. If the surgeon is vaporizing or debulking tissue, the key factor to consider is power density. Therefore, the area size can be increased however the power is increased proportionately. Rather than constant use of a lower level of power that can cause thermal damage to surrounding tissue, the cosmetic surgeon might use a higher level of power on a pulsed setting.
Setting tests, Laser settings can be tested on a damp tongue depressor blade before they are used to vaporize tissue. Ideally, a 0. 1-second test shot will leave a scoop-shaped anxiety in the wood formed like a golf ball cut in half, with no point. A point indicates that the power density is too high.