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美国代写,美国论文代写 Gender Identity Representations in The Bachelor, Season 21

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Reality TV has become the most popular genre of modern-day programs that could turn trivial matters in life and survival in extreme situations into entertainment. Ranging from game shows, documentary-style series, dating shows, makeover shows, dramas, celebrity exposures to competitions of any kind, people can watch all kinds of Reality TVs such as Survivor, The Bachelor, Big Brother, The Amazing Race, The Real World, American’s Next Super Model, etc. Reality TV is defined as an unscripted programming that focuses on real people in real situations. That is to say; there are no actors or pre-written scripts. In most of the case, hosts will be employed to run the show or set the stage for the forthcoming events. Different from scripted shows like drama, reality shows rely more on the reactions of the participants in real settings captured by the camera. As for the audience, what they gain from the reality TV is not merely entertainment, they gain something deeper about themselves at the same time. The reason why they are called Reality TVs is based on the assumption that those programs are giving their audiences a close look into the real lives of the participants and offering them a chance to find their places in the real world. The Bachelor is a Reality TV aired on ABC since 2002, in which a single bachelor will date twenty to thirty women over several months and narrowing them down gradually to hopefully find his true love by the last episode. The Bachelor, Season 21 aired on ABC from January to March in 2017 will be analyzed as the primary text in detail. The Bachelor, Season 21 perpetuates a patriarchal portrayal of females and reinforces the breadwinner role of males and the sexual subordination of females, which are specific to American identity as such gender roles were originated from the social system of America and shaped by public media.

The Bachelor, Season 21 is displayed from the perspective of the single bachelor and produced entirely based on the preferences of the Bachelor, which perpetuates the patriarchal portrayal of females characterized by male dominance. At the Season 21 Premiere, the single Bachelor Nick Viall meets 30 different women at the same night. The bachelor takes the initiative in selecting women based on his preferences. From the narrative patterns of the show, the text is presented from a male’s point of view. At the first episode, when Nick first met those 30 single women, he gave the first impression Rose to Rachel. Nick is given the right to select any woman based on his first impression. Such setting of the show reveals the overemphasis on the importance of appearance as it is crucial for the participant to remain in the show. At the Rose Ceremony session of the Premiere, Nick eliminated eight other women from the competition by giving out roses to those he intended to keep. As a matter of fact, all the women are beautiful and extremely fit. However, they were not given the same equality in this relationship. Some of them weren’t given a chance to show who they really were before they were eliminated from the show. When all the women stood in the line waiting to be called in the front at the Rose Ceremony, they were insecure and vulnerable as they have no initiative in the entire process. All they could do was standing there and waiting for the man to announce their fate. In the following episodes, Nick was given the rights to choose any woman for group date or one-on-one date for varies occasions when the women had to win his affections. And in the end, it was Nick who decided which woman he wanted to take as his potential wife. Throughout the show, the single bachelor, Nick was given the full agency as the dominant of the narrative when he had the full power to express his affection and eliminate contestants while women were not given the same equality in the pursuit of romance and relationships.

    The Bachelor reinforces the stereotypes of the breadwinner role of the male and the sexual subordination of females. First of all, the financial status of the bachelor is emphasized when that of the women is rarely mentioned except their occupations. Since the beginning of the Reality Show, Nick was introduced to be a successful career man who is a 36 years old software sales executive with financial stability and high social status. As to those 30 women, their financial status was rarely introduced. Secondly, Nick was displayed as a traditional breadwinner male image who is calm, rational, and active while those women are insecure, emotional, and passive. The Bachelor is given full agency to choose his future wife based on his observation of the woman and feelings for them. He might have specific standards when choosing his wife, such as their appearance, personality, hobbies, etc. And he is expected to follow through with those standards until he identifies the most suitable candidate to be his potential wife. In the process, he takes active measures in selecting and making judgement. Differently, the women in the show were completely emotional and powerless, especially facing their fate when they had no control over it. They might end up taking extreme measures and falling into the “catty women” or “bitchy” categories. Thirdly, all the women try to be attractive to Nick when their sexual appeal was often used to gain affection from Nick. For example, in the second episode that themed with “Wedding Photo Shoot,” Corinne took her top off in the pool just to impress Nick and later received the rose by the end of the date (The Bachelor, Season 21). Apparently, she was using her female sexuality as a tactic to attract Nick and win his affection, which wasn’t peculiar to Corinne alone. When the women wear revealing clothes like Bikinis and V-neck blouse in front of Nick, they are doing the same as Corinne. They were trying to reveal their physical fitness to attract Nick as sexual femininity is considered to be with great appeal to men who enjoy conquering the best prey.

Patriarchal female roles and the traditional breadwinner role of males are specific to American identity as they are deeply rooted in the American culture and social system. Jason Mittel has explained that gender roles are shaped by “an underlying ideology of patriarchy” that places male identity over females throughout American culture (330). This specific culture norm of America is largely determined by the social system and reinforced by the media. Before women joined the workforce in the 1980s in America, men used to be the sole breadwinner in the family when women were responsible for domestic matters as the caregivers. Prior to the 20th century, women were not granted the same access to education and other public and political matters. They were considered as possessions of their husbands or fathers until the Women’s Suffrage Movement demanding the equal rights of women. With the rise of feminism and the integration of women in the workforce at the end of the 20th century, women were given more and more agency outside of domestic environment and began to become the second income earner of the family. However, the domestic responsibility of women is still largely confined to females when they still face sexual inequality and male dominance in the public sphere. The Feminist Movement never ends till the present when modern women are still trapped in the same subordinate role in almost every aspect of their life.

The Bachelor, Season 21 has clear implications on how women should be positioned in social settings and romantic relationship and influence the viewers accordingly when such gender roles are constructed and reinforced by media. In “Individual and Cultural Identity in the World of Reality Television,” Terris Toles Patkin claims that “we symbolically construct our own identities-both as individuals and culturally-through watching these select few compete” (13). The viewers of reality show can develop identifications of themselves and meanings while watching others on the reality TV. As in “The Bachelor,” the viewers will take on certain gender expectations in their life especially concerning their desires for romance and successful relationships. As Liesbet Van Zoonen writes in his book that “media reception is one of the practices in which the construction of (gender) identity takes place” (123). Specifically, the views interpret the media messages they get from the viewing experiences while watching the reality TV and construct their identity in the process. For instance, in “The Women Tell All” episode, the viewers are influenced by the participants when they are discussing about others, revealing their feelings, and confessing about their secrets. It offers the viewers a chance to peek into the inner self of the participant and allows the viewers to identify certain types such as the good wife and the bitch. Each of these character types holds certain expectations of gender behaviors. The viewer would exchange their opinion with their friends and families about the show and connect with the real events happening around them. By adding their personal experiences into the complex issues facing the participants, the viewers could develop or reinforce a certain identity. For example, after watching “The Bachelor,” the viewer might develop certain anticipations for their current or future relationships and concrete expectations of their roles in life.

The Bachelor, Season 21 appears to be a reality TV about dating and relationships, but it reflects the gender norms of America when the patriarchal female role and the dominance of males prevail. From the given agencies of the Bachelor and the female participants, the male is given absolute dominance over the fate of women. The Bachelor is constructed as a traditional breadwinner role while the female participants could only resort to their sexual femininity to please the man. The gender roles presented in The Bachelor will influence the viewers greatly when they tend to develop certain expectations for themselves because of the reality show. Such gender roles are specific to the American identity as such gender norms persist in American culture when they are rooted in the social system and reinforced by the media.