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National anthem of the UK Head Of Federal Government: Prime Minister: Boris Johnson ...(Show more) Capital: ...( The Most Complete Run-Down ) Population: (2021 est.) 67,406,000 ...(Program more) Currency Exchange Rate: 1 USD equals 0. 750 British pound ...(Program more) Head Of State: Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II ...(Show more), island nation situated off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe.
The name Britain is in some cases utilized to describe the UK as a whole. The capital is London, which is among the world's leading commercial, financial, and cultural centres. Other significant cities consist of Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester in England, Belfast and Londonderry in Northern Ireland, Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland, and Swansea and Cardiff in Wales.
Through subsequent conquest over the following centuries, kingdoms lying further afield came under English rule. Wales, a congeries of Celtic kingdoms depending on Great Britain's southwest, was officially joined with England by the Acts of Union of 1536 and 1542. Scotland, ruled from London because 1603, officially was joined with England and Wales in 1707 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
The republic of Ireland got its self-reliance in 1922, but 6 of Ulster's 9 counties stayed part of the UK as Northern Ireland. Relations in between these constituent states and England have actually been marked by controversy and, at times, open rebellion and even warfare. These tensions unwinded rather throughout the late 20th century, when devolved assemblies were presented in Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales.
The United Kingdom has actually made significant contributions to the world economy, particularly in technology and industry. Since World War II, however, the UK's most popular exports have actually been cultural, including literature, theatre, movie, tv, and music that make use of all parts of the country. Maybe Britain's biggest export has actually been the English language, now spoken in every corner of the world as one of the prominent global mediums of cultural and economic exchange.
It likewise benefits from historical and cultural relate to the United States and belongs to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Furthermore, the UK became a member of the European Union in 1973. Numerous Britons, nevertheless, were sometimes hesitant EU members, holding to the beliefs of the excellent wartime prime minister Winston Churchill, who sonorously mentioned, "We see nothing however great and hope in a richer, freer, more satisfied European commonalty.