istorically, over-the-counter dividend swaps were created to transfer risk from banks to hedge funds. Generally speaking, any equity derivative, vanilla or exotic, includes a dividend element. As issuers of structured products became, in effect, long forwards, they were willing to transfer the dividend risk, even at a steep discount. Facing them were hedge funds, more than willing to take advantage of such deep discounts. This dynamic was the main driver of the dividend market from its inception in the early 2000s, up to a year ago.